On this day, October 4th, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the world’s first artificial satellite, marking the beginning of the Space Age.
Background
• It was the first man-made object placed into Earth orbit.
• Launched on the R-7 intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).
• Polished metal sphere, 58 cm (about 23 inches) in diameter.
• Weight: 83.6 kg (184 lb).
• Orbit:
o Altitude: 215–939 km (134–583 mi).
o Period: About 96 minutes per orbit.
o Velocity: ~29,000 km/h (18,000 mph).
• Power: 3 silver-zinc batteries, expected to last 2 weeks (actually lasted 22 days).
• The US freaked out, it meant the Soviets could potentially reach us with a weapon and that they were technologically ahead. It led directly to the creation of NASA.
The Quiz
a) what type (mode) of radio transmission did Sputnik emit? b) what frequency/s did it operate on?
The Answer
Sputnik had 4 long external radio antennas, each about 2.4–2.9 meters (7.9–9.5 ft), transmitting radio signals.
a) Sputnik’s radio transmission was simple CW (continuous wave). Ordinary Americans could hear Sputnik’s beeps on shortwave radios.
b) Frequencies used: 20.005 MHz (15 m band, shortwave), 40.002 MHz (7.5 m band, VHF)
The Winners
K3WGS 20.005MHz/40.002MHz, Unmmod carrier (CW)
N9PL CW, around 21MHz (close enough)
K5WDW CW, 15 meter band, brother heard it
N1GE CW, 22MHz – 29 MHz (close enough)
Thanks, to those who participated in today’s Net!
-Ron